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Introduction A strong sense of meaning and purpose might come from personal spirituality or religious conviction. Some people may not value religion much, while personal spirituality can be a guiding principle for others. Many people can better grasp the meaning of the universe and the reason for our being thanks...
Personality psychology is the science of personality structure. The field tries to comprehend a person’s primary psychological characteristics and how those tendencies manifest in one’s life. The theories chosen for the analysis belong to the trait theory approach, one of the most important subfields of psychological science. According to the...
Introduction The significance of games as a tool for active learning and introduction of modeling sand roleplay as the means of examining real-life scenarios into the learning process has been accepted recently, causing a significant shift toward the active promotion of games as a vital learning tool for young children....
Introduction Recently, a plethora of personality assessments has grown in popularity, most of which are still widely available or readily available online. Analyzing personality traits repeatedly in journals, diaries, or experiential sampling studies is becoming more popular in the psychologist’s toolset (Horstmann & Ziegler, 2020). Moreover, personality evaluations have risen...
Personality theories are often applied in different professional, academic, and medical settings to characterize people and place them in suitable positions. There are many assessment tests for personality used by psychologists. (Saugstad, 2018). The current paper applies the big five and Cattel’s 16 personality factor (16 PF) to understand Rachel’s...
Introduction Uri Bronfenbrenner is one of the leading psychologists of the 20th century, and his ideas and works are related to understanding the role of environments in human development and relationships. He developed the Ecological Systems Theory, which focuses on how the micro- and macro-environment around a person influences their...
Introduction Currently, an extensive number of external and internal factors, which are the result of psychological problems in individuals, have been identified. They have a serious contribution to the mental state and can lead to long-term injury. Extreme natural factors are particularly critical, the study of the influence of which...
The evaluation of a person’s character or persona may be accomplished via a method known as personality testing. Personality tests are standard because health care professionals, such as therapists and psychologists, depend on them to scientifically evaluate their patients’ personalities (Lundgren et al., 2019). This standard is why personality tests...
Case Formulation Santiago Adam, a 21-year-old Latino, is the client for this practicum. Recently, Adam has been experiencing perceptual disturbance and severe paranoid thoughts. When he was fifteen, he had recurrent depressive feelings, but the condition relapsed after several medications. Adam was diagnosed with intense depression, which resulted in diet...
The modern social environment is changing in a fast manner, which has a great impact on children’s development. New appearing standards of society require children to have improved skills and cultivate knowledge in different areas. Such progress is impossible without professional and thorough intervention. Parents underestimate such practices and try...
Maslow is famous for developing the theory of the hierarchy of needs. The theory of hierarchy has been widely applied in different fields: from psychology to education. It is essential for people to meet basic needs before they can develop to higher levels of growth. Maslow’s hierarchy supports academic and...
Introduction The field of social psychology deals with how people feel, think, and behave in social situations by examining individual behavior and group dynamics. The closely interweaving social psychology concepts of cognitive dissonance, self-handicapping, and self-preservation theory are crucial in understanding how people and communities operate. Cognitive dissonance refers to...
Introduction A divorce is a stressful event connected with various aspects affecting the quality of life of the involved people. It is crucial to understand that divorce is a process that requires time to recover. Negative feelings tend to be exacerbated by the stress associated with the legal divorce process,...
Bruce Frederick Skinner (1911-1990) was an American psychologist and educator, as well as one of the most influential inventors and founders of modern theories of cognition. He obtained his doctoral degree at the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh in 1935. Then he joined the faculty of psychology at Canton University...
Raskin and Terry (1988) defined narcissism as a personality trait marked by a heightened belief in oneself, an absence of compassion, and a continuous need for praise from others. People who exhibit narcissistic characteristics may overestimate their skills and accomplishments and think they deserve special consideration or benefits (Casale, 2021)....
Introduction The given analysis will primarily focus on McClain et al.’s (2016) article titled “An Examination of the Impact of Racial and Ethnic Identity, Impostor Feelings, and Minority Status Stress on the Mental Health of Black College Students.” The main theme of the text is to understand the role and...
Introduction The subfield of psychology discussed in this paper is cognitive psychology, which is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving. Cognitive psychology is related to the larger field of psychology as it focuses on understanding how people think, process information, and solve problems,...
Initial Discussion Modern society is developed and aware of various phenomena existing in the world. However, multiple ambiguities and prejudice are present in contemporary human nature. It is challenging for mentally ill people to self-realize and find support because of constant pressure from other people’s sides. Although, society’s perspectives on...
Raising smart children is a significantly more complicated process than one might assume. In her article, Dweck wrote about the common misconception that accentuating intelligence and skill is crucial to one’s success. The writer explains that it is more suitable to focus on the process and praise children for their...
Borderline personality disorder is a common psychological problem with many diverse symptoms, but it cannot be easily diagnosed. Becky has been suffering from the issues for several years, and initially, she could not understand the problem. This is a typical practice in psychology as about 15-28% live with borderline personality...
Introduction Early childhood education is a complex topic that encompasses multiple various elements. However, three topics that are directly associated with education in this particular demographic are family, language, and culture. On the one hand, one’s family creates the environment in which the development is happening. The family shapes how...
The development of a human being is often explained through a life-time perspective which defines certain stages in a person’s life cycle. Psychology considers these stages through the lens of development of people’ cognitive abilities and social and intrapersonal skills. By ascribing certain psychological characteristics to definite developmental steps and...
Summary of the Main Claims As the object of analysis, the article “Money & Happiness” by Begley (2007) is chosen, which argues that money can bring happiness only in the economic interpretation but not in the psychological one. The amount of savings is a means of realization in life, but...
Introduction The book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg explores the science of habit formation and how corporate management and people, in general, can deploy such routines to transform themselves. The book genre is self-help, as it elaborates on how habits are generated and sustained and gives specific guidelines...
Mental health illness is a complex phenomenon, and it is highly challenging to classify it according to established frameworks. Depending on the perspective, many controversies have emerged, focusing on unique aspects and causes of disorders. One such controversy is the argument between frameworks that recognize the cultural impact, such as...
Introduction Each individual has a different level of intelligence, according to which people can use their specific abilities. In general, intelligence is measured against the intelligence of an average person of the same age. The theory of intelligence is extremely popular among educators, and many teachers use it in schools...
Critical thinking entails systematically examining data and drawing reasonable conclusions. Elder and Paul define the disciplined process of actively and successfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to obtain an answer or conclusion. Analyzing information, recognizing prejudice, and making well-considered conclusions require reasoning skills (Paul & Elder, 2019). According...
Introduction One of the primary global public health concerns, child abuse, has long-term, detrimental effects on mental and physical well-being and psychosocial development. Children who have experienced severe abuse are frequently placed in foster care and, as a group, are at an especially high risk of developing significant mental health...
Job performance is an important factor impacting an individual’s ability to succeed, build a career and position in society. At the same time, the increased importance of business and the constantly growing competition in various spheres impact companies’ approaches to staffing. It means that firms prefer candidates that might contribute...
The development of human behavior is a common topic of discussion in psychology. One of the most asked questions is whether nature or nurture has more impact on how people view and interact with the world. Here, nature refers to one’s genetic characteristics and biological traits. Nurture, in contrast, implies...
Affirmations are thoughts, words, feelings, and emotions each person uses in everyday life. At the same time, people’s proclamations are not always positive but also negative statements (Kirsh et al., 2013). Hence, to claim benefits from life, it is vital to change one’s mindset to assortative. By altering destructive thoughts...
Introduction Emotional intelligence is a multidimensional phenomenon that significantly influences an individual’s quality of life. It entails perceiving, controlling, and assessing emotions among entities. In this case, the counterpart attains proficient discernment and knowledge regarding the effective and strategic form of engagement. An excellent example enshrines solving a conflict among...
The central theme of the film Inside Out 2015 based on a character named Riley, a young girl whose family is forced to move because her father cannot find a job (Docter, 2015). The uniqueness of the plot is that the viewer gets acquainted with several characters in Riley’s head....
Introduction The family of Martha Smith is introduced for analysis in the chosen case study. The woman had complex relationships with her first husband due to regular physical and emotional abuse, but, according to her words, her second husband, Antoine, has become “the best thing that’s ever happened.” However, recently,...
Personality entails the permanent features and behaviors that make up a person’s particular way of dealing with life, such as significant characteristics, interests, motivations, self-concept, abilities, values, and behavioral patterns. Moreover, characteristics are recurring behavioral patterns, emotions, and thoughts that individuals manifest in different situations (Jayawickreme et al., 2019). According...
Introduction Mental well-being is crucial for personal development and social interactions and can be enhanced through positive psychology. Various interventions for mental illness have been developed, including positive psychology, psychotherapy, and dual diagnosis treatment. Positive psychology involves a scientific study of positive subjective experiences, individual traits, and institutions. Positive psychology...
People tend to look for romantic partners for various reasons, but, at the same time, in the modern world, the choice to be single is increasingly common. In relationships, people care for each other, share their experiences and thoughts, and respect each other. In turn, single people can feel more...
Introduction Young adults’ well-being has been shown to be negatively impacted by parental divorce. The importance of the relationship between spouses in creating either favorable or bad child development outcomes is highlighted in this research. Recently, the main goal of family intervention has been to encourage good parenting habits and...
Introduction Psychological violence has a powerful effect on a person’s self-esteem and self-perception. It takes a long time to recover from the emotional scarring caused by the abuse. In order to escape from a situation of psychological violence and to find safety, it is essential to practice self-care and meditation,...
Introduction Development in life takes stages that are defined by theories of development. The developmental stages of childhood through adolescence contain dynamics based on ages and life experiences that can be explained theoretically. Several development scientists and theorists provide evidence to explain changes in life development. They argue that diverse...
Introduction Personality and its formation and development processes are the key concepts in psychology. One of the first fundamental psychological theories of personality is Freud’s psychodynamic theory. Nowadays, most scientists still need to share the views of the outstanding Austrian psychiatrist completely, but also to refute empirically key points of...
Study and Encoding Memories Memory retains information across time by encoding, storing, and retrieving it. Recalling, identifying, and relearning knowledge more readily on a subsequent effort are all signs of memory. Models of information processing relate mental abilities to computer processes. It consists of three processes that include encoding, storing,...
Personality development is important in children because it refers to structured behavior and attitudes that separate one individual from another. Personality refers to a person’s dynamic system that includes psychophysical systems that impact their ideas and patterns of behavior. It comprises a wide range of human activities, as well as...
Introduction Theoretical frameworks and research coexist in a mutually beneficial relationship where theories are based on previous research and consequently inform research directions in the future. Indeed, in the field of psychology, the use of theories is pivotal for explaining and investigating a variety of issues marking human psychological, developmental,...
The use of electronic devices among children is on the rise. According to a survey by Paulus et al., the average child spends over 7 hours per day using screens (645). This time could have been spent sleeping, reading a book, or playing outside. Whether it is cyberbullying or acts...
During middle childhood, a child’s physical, emotional, and cognitive development peaks. This is the time when kids start to develop and become their personalities. They grow and learn at a fantastic rate during this time. During this time, kids learn to express their emotions, be social and have a positive...
Moral Development in Middle Childhood Parenting and nurturing children to become morally fit members of society may be complex. Moral development can be defined as the comprehensive evolution of morality from infancy through adulthood. It is essential that as children develop, they learn to discern between right and wrong acts....
The study of how children develop is of particular value to study. This is because gaining awareness about aspects such as cognitive, emotional, and social development can contribute to improving parenting outcomes. Moreover, society can gain an understanding of how it affects children, as well as cultural and socioeconomic factors....
Introduction Adequate levels of self-awareness and self-esteem are the key factors that allow people to succeed. Identifying one’s strong and weak sides is beneficial for recognizing where one should grow and what one has to improve. A better understanding of oneself helps one become more confident and aim for larger...
Introduction Addictions among children are becoming increasingly common in modern society. According to a report by Lipari and Van Horn (2017), one in eight children is suffering from some kind of substance abuse. The main addictions include tobacco, alcohol, and an assortment of drugs ranging from lighter drugs like marijuana...
Social Welfare Policies The social welfare policies relevant to this example expressed in legislation are rules that excluded aboriginal individuals from living places, predominantly on unique reservoirs outside cities or in remote areas. Aboriginal individuals were also deleteriously impacted by organizational program policies which allowed Native Americans to maintain and...
Introduction Antisocial behavior refers to a set of actions that result from a person’s lack of the ability to respect other people’s rights. Examples of these actions include setting fires, vandalism, crime, theft, and other delinquent acts which fail to conform to social norms. In the developmental stages of adolescence...
The modern world is cruel, and we frequently witness instances where a person intentionally hurts another person. Society is now concerned about other issues, like child abuse. Babies hurt someone to defend themselves or to get what they want; it is not in the least bit cruel for a newborn...
Separation of parents can become a severe problem not only for caregivers themselves. Hence, in particular, this process negatively affects the psychological state of children, who, especially at an early age, are very susceptible to divorce in the family. Therefore, the study of various stories that tell about the problem...
Stress is an inevitable part of life since every person experiences some unexpected, overwhelming, and exhausting events. Although the definition of stress varies depending on either the physiological or psychological angle, it is accepted that stress creates a certain tension in a person and alternates one’s state of body and...
Introduction The journey to understanding psychological response to stress started with Hans Seyle letter. Seyle published a 595-word letter back in 1936, titled A Syndrome Produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents (Fink, 2017). It gave a detailed description of the syndrome, which later became known as General Adaptation Syndrome – it...
Introduction Incarceration of parents or one of them is one of the severe tests for children who are forced to take on a new role and provide the rest of their family with economic, emotional, or financial support. Relationships with imprisoned parents and people around “orphans” often change for the...
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is one of psychology’s most controversial and debated theories. To this day, there are still many avid supporters and detractors of his ideas. However, there is no denying that Freud’s theories have profoundly impacted the understanding of human personality development. The theory states that personality is...
Erik Erikson’s psychosocial developmental theory has influenced our understanding of human development. The theory plays a significant role in explaining the different conflicts that people go through as they grow up. It is important to note that psychosocial development does not occur linearly; instead, it is a dynamic process that...
Introduction Suicide occurs more often in older than younger people; there is a lack of enough studies on some risk factors for suicidality. Suicide not only results in a direct loss of many young lives but also has adverse socioeconomic effects. From public mental health, suicide among young people is...
Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) considers the state of well-being mental health. In this state, people work fruitfully and can realize their abilities, cope with normal life stresses, and are beneficial to their communities. Conditions that disrupt this situation are considered mental problems of which depression forms part. Depression...
The study of the various components of scientific research is of particular value. This is due to the fact that it gives awareness of how to correctly formulate such aspects as hypothesis, dependent and independent variables, experimental group(s), control group(s), and the results. Within the framework of this work, the...
Happiness is one of the leading and widespread but simultaneously complex and controversial topics for research and discussion. All people, in one way or another, strive for their personal understanding of happiness, but achieving this is not so easy. Perceiving the state of happiness not as an end goal but...
Introduction Mark first meets Susan while hanging out at her favorite coffee shop. Even though Susan has not recently been in a social situation, she gladly accepts Mark’s friendly offer to his party. Susan had a good time during the party, but she also started to sense something. She realizes...
The Stages of Child and Adolescent Development Matrix K-2ndGrade 3rd-5thGrade 6-8thGrade ConceptsTheories Cognitive Possess object memory and the growth of early problem-solving abilities. Signs of logical thinking. They appear to enhance the sense of self (Driscoll, 2013). The emergence of abstract reasoning and understanding of social concerns. Erikson’s concept of...
Introduction The psychosocial development theory by Erickson is an expansion of a model by Sigmund Freud’s study on ego, super-ego, and identity. The theory describes the impact of social experiences across the whole lifespan of a human being (Samsanovich, 2021). Erickson focuses on the social interactions and the relationships that...
Introduction Cultural competency is essential in mental health service because it requires counselors to apply their expertise to help clients with psychological problems and demands them to immerse themselves in a different culture. The latter is critical for successful therapy outcomes because assuming that a person with different cultural backgrounds...
Introduction The case scenario being analyzed is Can You Point Out the Person You Saw in the Park? (Eyewitness Memory and Recovered Memory). This scenario included a girl aged 11 who was kidnapped while on holiday with her parents in a large park. When more than 30 minutes had passed,...
Introduction HR workers and industrial-organizational psychologists share a similar aim: forming a suitable organizational environment and improving workplaces to attract both existing employees and new ones. The latter, as opposed to the former, is more focused on research that can contribute to fostering these locations and providing the necessary data...
Freud Sigmund was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud’s theories about psychoanalysis were based on his clinical observations and personal life experiences (Bower, 2018). Freud’s most significant accomplishment was his development of the psychoanalytic theory of personality development, which posited that unconscious sexual and aggressive drives primarily...
The modern world is characterized by the extremely high speed of various processes. Technologies and availability of data and methods of its sharing introduce the need for fast decision-making and responses. For this reason, to be successful, people should be ready to engage in these processes and do their best....
Introduction Today, victims of violent crime are more likely to have a mental disorder. The prejudice extends to the criminal justice system, where people with mental illness are regarded as criminals, arrested, accused, and imprisoned for a more significant time than people without mental illness. However, although there is new...
Introduction In psychology, unlike other social sciences, a controlled experiment is a common type of research. However, psychology includes a plethora of different methods that cannot be classified as controlled experiments. It is, therefore, natural that science utilizes types of research that compare different variables. In such studies, variables are...
What is stress? Stress is something everyone experiences at some point in their life. Be it from work, relationships, finances, or other sources – being stressed about something is a part of being alive. However, despite it being an accepted part of everyday living, few people actually know what causes...
Assessment and diagnosis Date identification Initial assessment date: 4/17/2022 Presenting the Problem The patient is a 61-year-old male who speaks Portuguese and has a history of depression. The patient is self-referred, has reported feelings of loneliness, is medicated by a psychiatrist, and has been suicidal once. Throughout the patient’s life,...
The paper is designed for fellow students in class. It pertains to the childhood development theories and is based on a case study of the family of Jamie and Dana, who are parents to three children: Avery, age five; Jeremy, age two; and Marie, age three months. The presentation is...
The term objective in objective methods of personality assessment refers to the inability to rely on the subject’s statements about themselves but on their overt behavior as others, who serve as judges, examiners, or observers, reveal it. According to the definition, the participant is researched or observed in a particular...
Abstract This study introduces, describes, and illustrates the cognitive-behavioral family therapy (CBFT) approach. According to this approach, individuals’ family-related cognitions have a crucial role in influencing what they expect from family life and how they perceive, operate, and react. Cognitive-behavioral family therapy is a relatively new technique, with only a...
Introduction In the field of learning theory, classical conditioning belongs to behavioral psychology. It suggests that if a contextual stimulus is frequently coupled with a stimulus that occurs naturally, ultimately, the former will evoke a comparable reaction to the latter. The tests with dogs conducted by Russian biologist Ivan Pavlov...
Developmental theories provide a set of guiding principles and ideas that describe and explain human development. Some developmental theories, like Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, concentrate on the development of a specific quality (MeÄ‘edović, 2018). Other developmental theories, like Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, highlight the progress that occurs over...
Introduction As a social community, the family in all civilizations has acted as an essential element of development because it is crucial to the stability and prosperity of society. Because it is the foundation of society’s stability and prosperity, the family has played a crucial role in development throughout history....
According to Erick Erickson’s psychosocial theory, human growth and development stages are founded on the idea that individuals are motivated to become competent in various aspects of their daily lives. The psychosocial theory of Erick Erickson states that from early childhood through late adulthood, humans go through eight phases of...
Introduction As a social community, the family in all civilizations has acted as an essential element of development because it is the key to the stability and prosperity of society. The family’s failure to perform its social functions of reproduction and socialization has led to the depopulation and the deterioration...
A personality is not just a set of various characteristics but traits. These personality traits help to predict and explain the behavior of this person. A personality is a set of features that define and make one unique. However, sometimes can talk about the type of person based on their...
Heroin is an illegal and highly addictive drug that has adverse effects on human body. Heroin is an opioid drug prepared from morphine obtained from the seed pod of opium poppy plants. Heroin can be black or white, depending on the manufacturing process and the ingredients used. People consume heroin...
Introduction Human behavior refers to how people react to various stimuli depending on their environment. Over the years, studies have been conducted to help understand why individual conduct varies over time. This research was purposefully conducted to facilitate critical analysis of how a person’s comportment changes depending on their experience....
Daycare of infants and toddlers by outsiders has become an indispensable practice in the modern world. It is a common situation when parents do not have the opportunity to be near their children constantly, so caregivers should be ready to make children’s time without parents calm and effective. Nevertheless, one...
Mrs. Dalloway the novel was written in 1925 by Virginia Woolf, a famous UK writer. The work deals with the aftermath of the First World War, personal trauma, and death. Jumping back and forth between different points in time, it showcases the inner turmoil of its cast. Central to the...
Summary of the Article The mindfulness addiction treatment model works with thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to elicit behavioral and emotional change. According to Kabat-Zinn (1990), mindfulness can be defined as awareness of experience, in the present moment, on purpose, and without judgment. Mindfulness helps addicts live in the moment and...
Currently, in psychological science, adolescence is considered the most critical in the mental development of a person. In youth, the negative impact of personality egocentrism on the relationship of a teenager with people clearly manifests. Different studies note that the severity of egocentrism in adolescents affects the nature of interpersonal...
Introduction Nowadays, students are exposed to stress and anxiety due to dynamics in the social environment. When students are subjected to high levels of stress, their capacity to learn, memorize, and perform effectively can be affected. According to Chen & Lucock (2022), the ongoing pandemic is the recent cause of...
Introduction The ability to smile is one of the essential contributors to one’s happier well-being and improved relationships with people. When a person smiles, they have the opportunity to change others’ lives in a positive manner. For many people, the process of displaying or covering emotions represents a problematic experience....
Introduction Technological developments have been taking place rapidly in the last few decades. Today, the emergence of Web 2.0 has resulted in unlimited interactive communication capabilities as illustrated by the growing use of social media. According to Eginli and Tas (2018), social media has become an indispensable tool for modern...
Often, people face the problem of choice and uncertainty about their interests and desires. To solve this problem, various psychological tests can be implemented that give individuals the necessary information about the area where they can show greater effectiveness. Hence, an example of this approach is The Kuder Occupational Interest...
Depression is a major cognitive disorder that becomes deadly if not treated early. Severe symptoms of depression can lead patients to self-harm behaviors such as suicide. About 7% of men and 1 percent of women who have suffered depression commit suicide (W.H.O, 2021). Men with severe depression are more likely...
Motivation plays an important role in people’s lives – it motivates them to strive for success, keep up their health, and even do things they do not understand. Huffman et al. (2017) define motivation as “a set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward some goal” (p....
The article revolves around using cultural competence to solve various crises in life. I agree with Dykeman (2005) that most personal crises emanate from anticipated life-affecting events, and thus, it may sometimes be challenging to control them. Cultural elements play an indispensable role in influencing the best approaches and mechanisms...
Introduction The rapid tempo of life inherent in the inhabitants of big cities, constant stress, lack of time for personal life, the rejection of one’s desires, and the abundance of tasks at work are the leading causes of the state of emotional burnout. It is a common problem in the...
Introduction Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic technique that operates on the assumption that everyone has unconscious memories, emotions, and feelings that influence their daily events and dreams. Sigmund Freud whose emphasis was on sexual desires and urges repressed in the unconscious mind invented the psychoanalysis theory (Yalof, 2020). Psychoanalysts facilitate the...
The Personality Inventory for Children (PIC) is a multidimensional assessment of children focusing on the absence of diagnostic contributions. Although the test is taken by parents or their surrogates, it targets school-age children (Lachar, 2014). The PIC employs such an approach because early graders cannot adequately describe themselves due to...
Introduction Determining the extent of one’s abilities, particularly, cognitive and analytical skills, represents a critical step in a range of strategies within the field of social work. Therefore, the application of an appropriate test type and an adequate assessment of results may predetermine the outcomes of an intervention and the...
Introduction The environment in which a kid develops forms a powerful experience that affects the child’s future life. Human development is a process of forming and creating personality under the impact of external and internal, controlled and uncontrolled factors (Abbott, 2021). The leading role is played by purposeful upbringing and...
