Linguistics is the study of human language. It can be divided into three main areas: syntax, morphology, and phonetics. Syntax is concerned with the rules governing the order of words in a sentence. Morphology is concerned with the rules governing the formation of words from smaller units of meaning, such as roots and affixes. Phonetics is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds, such as their production, perception, and acoustic properties.
When approaching the topic of Literature, it is important to first define what constitutes this broad category. At its most basic level, Literature can be broadly defined as creative works that are intended to be read and enjoyed by audiences. These works can include novels and short stories, as well as non-fiction essays, poems, plays, or even film scripts.
There are different approaches to writing essays about Literature and Linguistics. One popular method is to use free essay examples to study at university. These examples provide a useful starting point for students who are new to the academic world, giving them access to key information and research methods from experienced writers. Additionally, free essay databases allow students to search through countless essays and find the perfect resource for their research needs.
Overall, when studying literature in an academic context, free essay samples and databases can be indispensable tools for all students looking for guidance in their written work.
Introduction The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement in the United States in 1920-1930, led by prominent African-American writers, artists, and performers. This ultra-cultural movement got its name because the center of this movement was one of the districts of New York, Harlem, where the blacks lived. At this time,...
Introduction In August Wilson’s play, the fence is a crucial element materially present and constantly referred to by the characters in various contexts. Moreover, for each character, the wall has a unique meaning, which is the reason for the many semantic layers of this character in the play. While some...
Introduction The fact that Charlotte Perkins Gilman successfully conveyed an in-depth understanding of what should be regarded as the emergence of one’s mental illness in The Yellow Wallpaper is one of the reasons why it has such a high intellectual and literary value. In this story, Gilman demonstrates her genuine...
Introduction Background Information About Edgar Allan Poe American writer and poet Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) is noted for his works that focus on the shadowy aspect of human nature. His novels have had a major effect on the evolution of the horror, science fiction, and mystery subgenres, and he is...
Introduction Everyday Use” is a short story written by Alice Walker, a prominent author and activist known for her works centered on the experiences of African-American women. The story revolves around a mother and her two daughters, Dee and Maggie, who have different perspectives on the value of their heritage...
Introduction The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is a novel that explores the issue of social inequality in America through its central character, Jay Gatsby. Gatsby remains one of the most iconic literary figures of the 20th century and continues to captivate readers with his alluring aura of mystery,...
Introduction A Jury of Her Peers is a short story written by Susan Glaspell that covers the theme of feminism. The themes of a story are expressed and developed in many different ways, such as in the title, plot, character, and setting. Susan examines the theme of feminism from the...
Introduction Symbolism is an integral part of literature, supporting the expression of themes in literary works. According to Kadhim et al., symbolism presents a figurative style of writing through which writers express their messages and concepts that create meaning and aesthetics in the literature (1). Consequently, themes are essential in...
“A&P” is a short story written by John Updike in 1962. It is conducted in a first-person narrative, which enables the reader to understand the main character’s thoughts and opinions. Sammy is an eighteen-year-old boy who works in a local A&P store and is very observant of his surroundings. Sammy’s...
Although reading fiction has a profound influence on forming one’s own independent judgment, it is often important to pay attention to other recognized opinions. This paper tries to incorporate several research articles into discussing Kate Chopin’s short story “The Story of an Hour”. It was originally published in the magazine...
Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein appeared when the science fiction genre was only in its infancy and development. For the 19th century, the story of a man who managed to create a living being in a way that was not natural was, on the one hand, a tremendous shock and, on...
Introduction Edgar Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado is a short story about how Montresor and Fortunato turned on each other, resulting in a gruesome death. The central theme of the story is the human desire for revenge. The story is set in 19th-century Italy during a carnival event. Montresor begins...
As society builds its expectations of women, the struggle to break from these expectations build as well. The Bell Jar is a semi-autobiographical work by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath that depicts this notion. The tragic story of Plath’s life is reflected in the novel, which depicts a...
Introduction Throughout history, women’s position in society has been a contested issue. The play “A Doll’s House” by Henrik Ibsen pursues a feminist theme on the place of women in a society dominated by men. Feminism is a movement that has been struggling to raise the social status of women...
Introduction Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a medieval poem that explores themes of honor, chivalry, and Christian and pagan beliefs. Written in alliterative verse, the poem follows the journey of Sir Gawain, one of King Arthur’s knights, as he sets out to fulfill his promise to find the...
William Faulkner wrote a poignant and short story that reflects the inner state of a person. “A Rose for Emily” tells the fate of a woman who is afraid of change in her life and refuses to accept it. The father and his friend who patronized the family die and...
Macbeth is one of the greatest writings provided by William Shakespeare, which reflects people’s lives in the modern world. The figure of Macbeth represents the evil nature of many individuals, as some do not show their natural behavior at the first steps of communication. This character hears a prophecy of...
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is a novel recounted from the perspective of the main character, Nick Carraway. Nick’s assignment is to relate the tale of Jay Gatsby, a wealthy and enigmatic character who throws lavish parties to win back Daisy Buchanan, his ex-lover (Olofsson). The question of whether...
Introduction The eighteenth century was full of restrictions and limitations for American women. A highly religious colonial society viewed women primarily as a productive force, their fertility being their highest virtue (Klepp 4). A woman’s role was limited to being a mother, a wife, and a hearth keeper, and their...
A Rose for Emily is a short story written by William Faulkner that is acknowledged as one of the primary examples of Southern gothic literature. The story explores the life story of a lonely Southern woman whose life remained a mystery to the locals until the day of her death....
Introduction Authors have always embraced the usage of symbolism as a creative element in writing. The significance of symbols can be found in the oldest known examples of human storytelling, including cave drawings and hieroglyphics, which are figurative representations of more detailed stories or beliefs. Using symbolism, authors can convey...
In his novel, The Metamorphosis, Franz Kafka uses a number of symbols to portray meaning. Particularly, the author uses food as symbolism surrounding the life of Gregor, who was the sole breadwinner of his family before undergoing a life-changing transformation into vermin. Food appears in every chapter of this novel;...
Introduction Daniel Quinn wrote Ishmael: An Adventure of the Mind and Spirit with its first edition in 1992. Its most recent publication is the twenty-fifth edition, released in 2017 by Bantam publishers. The work is a philosophical novel that poses questions and concepts to the readers concerning the environment. Quinn...
Naturalism is among several artistic movements in the early 20th century that influenced numerous pieces of literature, art, and poetry. The literary works and art pieces were characterized by depictions of nature, natural forces, and the human being’s deterministic nature in the natural environment. Jack London’s To Build a Fire...
Introduction Shakespeare’s plays never become obsolete because they reveal the intricacies of human relationships and minds. Othello remains a classic masterpiece even today because it ignites the discussion of modern tendencies. In view of this, it is still difficult to decide if either Desdemona or Emilia has contemporary views on...
Shakespeare’s works are some of the most influential pieces of literature, impacting the styles and themes of poems and novels in the following centuries. One of the themes often reflected in the author’s works is madness, and the tragedy of Hamlet is the most known example of exploring one’s conscious...
Introduction The short story The Yellow Wallpaper is a key story that revolves around mental and physical well-being, more so that of women. Written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in 1892, it is regarded as one of the exemplary works that demonstrate the art of literature through the illustrations and narration...
Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein or, the modern Prometheus is widely known for the unique characters of Dr Viktor Frankenstein and his creation, also known as the Monster. The characters share complicated relationships in being bounded by the power of creation, which allows the novel to explore the theme of creation...
Introduction Among other tales and books, Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour” stunned many of her readers in the nineteenth century. Some periodicals initially declined to print the disputed Chopin account. In this short novella, Chopin draws a sharp distinction between what it took to be free for men and...
Introduction “The Yellow Wallpaper” is a short narrative by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a prominent nineteenth-century feminist writer. The novella was published in 1892 and represents the social and cultural environment of the time when women were frequently seen as inferior to males and denied opportunities for education and independence. The...
Introduction American author Harper Lee is best known for her immensely praised book “To Kill a Mockingbird,” which has received a lot of positive reviews. On April 28, 1926, in Monroeville, Alabama, where she spent the majority of her childhood, she was given the name Nelle Harper Lee. Lee was...
Even if global civilization has advanced in the last few decades, racism still exists today, just as it did in the past. Racism is not excluded from the general idea of being human and capable of making mistakes, which permeates most literature. Othello, a well-known Shakespearean drama, is an example...
The main idea that runs through the entire work of Elizabeth Barrett Browning is the idea of the incommensurability of the suffering of men and women in slavery. A female slave is not only subjected to all the trials that fall to the lot of the stronger sex, such as...
Introduction Poets of all cultures have always found an inexhaustible source of inspiration in two primary forms of human existence – life and Death. Poets thank life, admire it, but at the same time feel its finiteness. They see the inevitability and greatness of Death but do not tremble before...
Introduction The best way to understand William Shakespeare’s perspective on love is to read his sonnets carefully. The speaker of sonnet 106 reflects on beauty and time, while sonnet 116 focuses on true love and sonnet 130 subverts conventional love poetry. Shakespeare uses the sonnet to depict true love as...
A renowned and unparalleled creator of the literary genre that would become globally known as Gothic, Edgar Allan Poe does not need major introductions. Though his life ended abruptly and tragically at 40, he managed to produce a broad range of groundbreaking short stories and create a unique genre, “The...
The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is widely regarded as one of the most particular assertions of the American Dream in the 1920s. Fitzgerald captured a period in American history when the idea of the American Dream became more accessible to the middle, and lower classes as new opportunities...
Introduction Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice depicts a world in which reputation and social status are determining factors for a person, especially a woman. Moreover, the perception of a woman in the novel is formed from the generally accepted norms of behavior for her, going beyond which threatens to...
Introduction It is possible to say that William Shakespeare is one of those writers whose literary works have portrayed heroes, with some, such as Othello, falling due to their human weaknesses. Literature is a rich source that enables individuals to learn from real or fictional characters, and conventional writings play...
Introduction Originally released in 2003, The Kite Runner is the work of Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini. The novel features a young boy named Amir, living in the Wazir Akbar Khan district of Kabul. Amir has a close friend, Hassan, whom he discovers later that he is the son of Amir’s...
Introduction The play Trifles presents critical views of men and women and their roles as perceived in early twentieth-century society. The plot takes place in the kitchen of the Wright family home, where the county attorney, sheriff, Wright’s neighbor, and sheriff’s and neighbor’s wives come after Mr. Wright’s murder (Glaspell...
Introduction For the current generation, literature, especially the genres of biography and autobiography, is one of the few opportunities to know and feel the events and atmosphere of past eras and specific periods. For those who write such works, these usually serve several functions. These may include sharing one’s experience,...
The Tell-Tale Heart is one of Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories, first published in 1843. The story is told by a man whose name the reader is not advised. The story was published in James Russell Lowell’s magazine, The Pioneer. The minimalism of the narration’s flow in The Tell-Tale Heart...
Introduction Today, the role and significance of women in world culture, both past and present, play a huge role in the scientific literature in the world. From this point of view, the most diverse periods of the history of culture are considered, for example, the Renaissance or the military and...
Trifles is a one-act play written by Susan Glaspell that centers on the story of one crime and its investigation. In addition to the main plot that captures the reader’s attention from the first lines, the play defines the difference between men’s and women’s perceptions of the world. Therefore, Trifles...
Dehumanization, the act of making someone feel or appear less than human, is frequently used against victims of racism and bigotry. The Elite Wisel shows the horrors of the dehumanization of Jews in camps during the Holocaust (Wiesel). The process of dehumanization is when people are put into necessity ties...
Introduction Africa is known for its diverse cultures and the traditions that make it unique among the world’s continents. Before colonialism, the African continent maintained strong traditions and cultures that influenced the way of life in different communities that occupied the vast lands of Africa. African culture was generally considered...
The Rose for Emily story by William Faulkner shows people preparing to welcome the future by letting go of their past. In the short story by William Faulkner, Emily illustratively acts as proof of surviving in the shadow of past experiences. Emily firmly held so firmly to her past and...
In the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown, events occur that make it difficult for both the protagonist and the reader to determine whether it was all a stream of consciousness or reality with a lot of mysticism. The action occurred in Puritan Salem at the end of the...
Introduction Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, published in 1818, is an illustration of a classic work with intricacies that may be exploited to spur debates about developments in biomedicine that have the latency to meaningly change human life. Thoughts on the moral implications of development or scientists’ accountability for their inventions...
Introduction Purpose: To analyze Nora’s hidden personality through her doll-like existence. Thesis: Torvald Helmer takes pleasure in his position as Nora’s husband by constantly teasing her to financial straits, playfully reprimanding her when he feels she is spending too much, or acting against his will. Ironically, Nora seems affectionately happy...
Kate Chopin’s story “The Story in an Hour” is about the Louise Mallard, who was able to feel freedom only after the death of her husband. After all, while he was alive, she had to live for him, and only when he died could she feel that her life belonged...
Introduction ‘The Story of an Hour’ is about a young woman Louise who receives news of her husband’s death. She rejoices in her newfound freedom and looks forward to a future where she can live for herself. However, at the end of the story, it turns out that her husband...
The analysis focuses on the representation idea of “Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe and “The Heart of Darkness” by Joseph Conrad. Various writers use literary and political representation strategies to convey their message to the audience. Literature works directly critique an existing society or portray an alternative, bizarre reality...
Introduction Kate Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour” is an example of realistic prose that reflects the 19th-century position of women in American society. The traditional view on femininity and the place of women in the community supposed that they could only become mothers and wives. Becoming professionals or active...
In the short story “The Necklace,” by Guy de Maupassant, the main character, Mathilde, exemplifies the overarching subject of greed over the entirety of the story. Mathilde covets both wealth and social prestige. Matilda believed she should have been born into a family with far greater money and position than...
The Little Women is a literary text written by Louisa May Alcott. This novel depicts the lives of four young women-Meg, Beth, Jo, and Amy. These women are forced to overcome financial obstacles to achieve their goals and happiness. The set and plot took place in Massachusetts when Americans struggled...
To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee in 1960. It is based on an actual incident the author witnessed when she was a child. In the middle of the 20th century, when racism and its effects on the judicial system, unemployment, and the Great Depression were pervasive in...
Background “The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano” is a memoir that describes the author’s life as an enslaved person and documents his struggle toward becoming independent. The book’s setting is in England and parts of the world, such as the Caribbean Islands and Nigeria, as the writer’s...
Introduction The American Dream is one of the essential components of American culture, which has attracted the attention of researchers, writers, and critics for decades. The Dream is a set of the nation’s most important ideals – equality, democracy, freedom, and, most importantly – the pursuit of personal happiness (Hodo...
Introduction In their various stories, Stephen Crane and Jack London show how nature can formulate a man’s fate. Sometimes nature uses different media to send human messages to save them while it abandons them at other times. Following various events controlled by nature, human emotion changes depending on their level...
Introduction The story is told in first person by a mother who lives with her shy daughter, Maggie. Dee and her friend arrive dressed in brave, unfamiliar clothes. Dee informs that she has transformed her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo because she cannot use the name of oppressors. This finding...
The origins of the slave narrative, as a subgenre of literature, can be found in the speeches and writings of formerly enslaved people. It exemplifies a distinctive facet of the culture of North America. They made compelling arguments for ending slavery worldwide, drawing on their personal experiences to support their...
Introduction A Doll’s house is a drama in three setting that Norwegian poet Henrik Ibsen authored, and it had its presence at the National Movie Theater in Copenhagen, Denmark. A Doll’s house uses Nora and Christine playing opposite roles to highlight the value of honesty in a successful marriage over...
Introduction American writers have a long and illustrious history, with some of the world’s most famous authors among them. Plays, novels, and poems are the main writing in the United States, with an increasing number of women, Native Americans, Hispanics, and African Americans making a significant contribution. Since the beginning...
Introduction Mary Shelley, the author of the classic novel Frankenstein also known as the Modern Prometheus, provides an insightful quotation that captures the enduring influence of Greek god’s mythology, ancient values, and culture: “Learn from me…how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge, and how much happier that man is who...
Introduction A Rose for Emily is a story published by a prominent American writer, William Faulkner. The writing style has rather a descriptive nature, and the features of the Southern Gothic movement transmit skillfully combined motifs of insanity and horror (Babujee 4964). The plot revolves around a woman named Emily...
Introduction Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front is an anti-war novel that narrates the soldier’s battlefield experiences during the First World War. It is based on the author’s personal experience during the war and expresses the disillusionment of the war era. The novel title refers to the area...
Shirley Jackson is the author of various works, one of which is a horror story called “The Lottery”. In the story, the author uses the pathological lottery system to symbolize the problems of traditions in modern society. The narrative has been dramatized several times, subjected to severe sociological and literary...
Introduction The plot of the book “The Great Gatsby” is grounded upon three protagonists in a love affair. Daisy is engaged to Tom Buchanan, and Gatsby is her ex-boyfriend from college who happens to have feelings for her despite her current relationship (Scott 3). The book shows how, at times,...
In chapter 5, I am fascinated by Flannery O’Connor’s “A Good Man is Hard to Find”, especially in how the theme of punishment and forgiveness is explored. The Misfit is presented as the bad guy who orders the killing of an entire family. The unfair nature of the world is...
Introduction The question of guilt and responsibility in the novel Frankenstein is raised more often than any other because the problem of the relationship between the creator and his offspring never ceases to be relevant. The creator made a creature that brought destruction due to the lack of control and...
Introduction The novel Things fall apart by Chinua Achebe is a vivid example of Nigerian literature that depicts the cultural heritage of African tribes. The author conveys the main ideas in the book through contrasts, which help to reveal images and concepts better. Such oppositions include men and women, stronger...
The short story by Flannery O’Connor, A Good Man is Hard to Find, revolves around a family on a trip to Florida. Little do they know that they are about to encounter an escaped convict on their journey. The narrative’s literary elements, including point of view, setting, character, plot, and...
Creating short tales is a unique writing ability requiring high-level professionalism and attention to plot details, settings, and characters that must be briefly presented and developed. There are many well-known and poorly-known authors whose works deserve recognition. At the end of the 20th century, Octavia E. Butler published her Hugo-Awarded...
Introduction Literary works can often demonstrate how people’s views may be similar, even if there are hundreds or thousands of years between their periods. For example, such an effect can be traced in the plays The Mandrake by Niccolo Machiavelli and Lysistrata by Aristophanes. The former was written approximately four...
O’Connor’s ability to balance brutality with comedy, blend humor with tragic occurrences, and the seriousness with absurdity, captivates the readers’ attention. The primary message in “A Good Man Is Hard to Find” is the worth of happiness and the illogicality of life. The story is an excellent demonstration of complex...
This essay aims to explain the cultural and social contexts behind “The Story of an Hour,” written in the mid-nineteenth century by Kate Chopin. Short stories, though not always descriptive, can give much information to analyze and think over. It is important to understand the time the author wrote the...
Self-authorship is a way of interacting with the world people create in accordance with their environment and biology. It is based “on the interconnectedness of epistemological, intrapersonal, and interpersonal dimensions of development and one’s capacity to heed an internal voice with regard to these dimensions, severed from authority dependence” (Okello,...
In the context of the enhancement of international cooperation, economic integration, and the labor market transformation, the importance of mastering a new language is significantly increasing. This is because it is a method of interaction between representatives of different nations and cultures. One of the requirements imposed by employers at...
Introduction The story of The Cask of Amontillado starts when Montresor declares that Fortunato insulted him, and he intends to retaliate. The main character is taking his revenge one step at a time so as not to endanger himself. He decides to use Fortunato’s penchant for booze to get an...
The conflict of generations is an eternal problem of humankind; when parents reproach children for disobedience, and in response, they hear only reproaches about a misunderstanding. The main problem is people’s worldviews, different upbringing, and other times. Cultural values and traditions, family customs and rituals, and the inevitable conflict of...
Introduction Modern literature is characterized by a culture of brief yet necessary and inventive stories. Shirley Jackson’s short tale The Lottery, released in the New York Yorker magazine in 1948, was her first to garner ample notice from readers (Encyclopedia Britannica, par. 1). The Lottery is a bizarre tale in...
Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been is a short story written by Joyce Carol Oates and first published in 1966. It tells about Connie, a fifteen-year-old girl who feels different from her family and seeks acceptance and confirmation of her beauty and uniqueness in other people. She begins...
Introduction “The Story of an Hour” is a short story written by Kate Chopin in 1894. The story focuses on the one-hour experience of the protagonist, Louise Mallard. After learning about her husband’s death, Louise takes sinks deep in thought as she feels sadness for losing her husband and joy...
August Wilson – the notable contemporary playwright who died in 2005 – focused his drama on the African American male through history. He was a vigilant historicizer of the experience of African Americans and won four New York Drama Critics Circle Awards, two Drama Desk Awards, two Pulitzer Prizes, one...
The Lottery, first published in 1948, is a short story written by Shirley Jackson. The work focuses on a small town described without direct references to a specific location. Moreover, the story presents a plot that is centered on the town’s annual tradition of conducting a lottery, a ritual that...
Introduction The maximum frequency of global political and economic relationships and large waves of immigration worldwide have increased the opportunities for multilingualism solutions. With the ever-increasing liberalization of international trade, there is an expanding market for well-trained and professional interpreters. The translation process becomes even more prominent in contemporary times...
The target form is compounds that focus on the different words that can be difficult for many people. Moreover, compounds can cause comprehension challenges even to native speakers, making it essential to analyze them when focusing on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching. Compounding involves merging different words to...
Introduction Although English is not ranked as the most spoken language based on the number of native speakers, several nations have embraced it as part of their culture. For instance, 400 million people in the world are well-conversant with English, and a total of 53 countries are using it as...
Introduction Communication is a basic component of people’s interaction with each other. Language is a tool that can help people to express their standpoints and exchange information, ideas, or emotions. The development and enhancement of communication via language is an intuitive process, as infants, arriving in the world, start to...
Arabic L1 Transfer The gaining of knowledge about the English grammatical articles has posed significant challenges to English as Second Language (ESL) learners over the years. Specifically, learners whose native language, the first language, do not possess corresponding article systems often struggle to acquire English articles. Conversely, for English-as-a-first language...
The modern English language has become the most spoken language in the world, with nearly of billion people who learn it as a second language. The history of this language is as interesting as the language itself as it has experienced many changes on its way to becoming the international...
Introduction Many health, psychology, and education professionals are interested in when and how children develop their language skills. A central area of research is the similarities and differences in children’s cultural experiences and how they are reflected in the development of language skills. I found the topic of the relationship...
Introduction In pre-school learners, reading development is an essential step in the direction of learning success because of its positive effect on comprehensive progress. However, for English language learners, for whom English is their second language, it can be challenging to advance in reading without the additional attention of teachers....
Learning English is a complex process, the critical aspect of which is acquiring a comprehensive vocabulary. The scholars studied a variety of strategies to help students learn independently, including through technology. Shamsan et al. (2021) studied online vocabulary learning strategies that Saudi students used during the COVID-19 pandemic for individual...
Summary Teaching the English language has long been regarded as critical and a top priority on a global scale. As a result of technological advancements, learner statuses and educator profiles have shifted, and scholars have been looking for additional teaching interventions that better fit the new learner profile. In this...
Faith Provides Life’s Meaning by Leo Tolstoy From the point of view of Tolstoy, the drama of human existence consists of the contradiction between the inevitability of death and the thirst for immortality inherent in man. Tolstoy believes that a person’s life is filled with meaning to the extent that...
Introduction Science fiction is a speculative fiction genre that usually deals with imaginative and futuristic literature of time travel, science and technology, parallel universes, space exploration, and extraterrestrial life. The story by Ray Bradbury, “A Sound of Thunder,” and Gloria Skurzynski’s story, “Nethergrave,” fit well in the genre of science...
The Kite Runner tells the story of Amir as he makes a quest to try and rectify the mistakes that he made during his childhood. The story revolves around Amir and his previous relationship with Hassan’s closest childhood friend. Amir recalls how he was unfair to Hassan and how he...
