Annotated Bibliography
Crone, B., Metraux, S., & Sbrocco, T. (2021). Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health access challenges faced by homeless African American Veterans. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. Web.
Homelessness among veterans is a public health concern, particularly given the disproportionate incidence of minorities among homeless veterans. Accessing proper health care services to address their medical requirements is particularly difficult for African American veterans who are homeless. Their needs are often underrepresented in the literature on homelessness among veterans. This analysis presents an up-to-date summary of homeless veterans’ access to health care, with a special emphasis on the obstacles experienced by African-American veterans, by analyzing more than 80 research and official publications over the last two decades. This analysis utilizes the Access Model by Penchansky and Thomas to analyze the health access obstacles experienced by homeless veterans. It focuses on what is known about the experience of African-American veterans in terms of the five aspects of access: Availability, Accessibility, Accommodation, Affordability, and Acceptability. Detailed recommendations and targeted interventions to alleviate health access obstacles for all veterans are outlined, with an emphasis on the need to collect further data on homeless African-American veterans. In addition, consideration must be given to customizing treatments for this crucial and neglected population. This information will be used to develop a persuasive case about the importance of the veteran homelessness situation.
Holliday, R., Liu, S., Brenner, L. A., Monteith, L. L., Cappelletti, M. M., Blosnich, J. R., Brostow, D. P., Gelberg, L., Hooshyar, D., Koget, J., McInnes, D. K., Montgomery, A. E., O’Brien, R., Rosenheck, R. A., Strickland, S., Workman, G. M., & Tsai, J. (2021). Preventing suicide among homeless veterans. Medical Care, 59(Suppl 2). Web.
Veterans suffering from homelessness are a complicated segment of the Veteran community whose suicidal risk may be aggravated by a variety of circumstances, including multimorbidity and rurality. While the VA has introduced a number of measures to prevent suicide among homeless Veterans, such as universal screening for suicidal thoughts and recent suicide attempts and Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Training, there is still a need for these programs. There is an ongoing need to comprehend how best to adapt these activities for homeless veterans. In addition, communication between the VA and the community is required since Veterans suffering from homelessness often use community resources such as clinics and homeless shelters. This article will be used in combination with the preceding article to emphasize the negative effects of veteran homelessness and to provide solutions for addressing the problem.
Tsai, J., Pietrzak, R. H., & Szymkowiak, D. (2021). The problem of veteran homelessness: An update for the new decade. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 60(6), 774–780. Web.
A decade-long government commitment has been made to prevent and eliminate veteran homelessness. Significant progress has been accomplished; thus, stakeholders ask, “Is veteran homelessness still a problem?” In 2020, two distinct data sources were studied to address this issue. The first is a nationally representative survey of 4,069 veterans performed in 2019 by a community-based organization. The second is national administrative statistics from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs in 2019, about >6 million healthcare and homeless services. There is an ongoing need to devote resources to addressing veteran homelessness across sociodemographic categories, and these statistics provide a baseline before and after the commencement of the COVID-19 epidemic. This page gives a comprehensive summary of the topic and its surrounding background. It is required for crafting the introduction and providing essential supporting evidence.
Tsai, J., Trevisan, L., Huang, M., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2018). Addressing veteran homelessness to prevent veteran suicides. Psychiatric Services, 69(8), 935–937. Web.
The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) declared its intention to abolish veteran homelessness in 2009, and during the following seven years, it spent over $10 billion on health care, housing, and social assistance for homeless veterans. From 2009 to 2016, yearly point-in-time counts revealed a 47% decline in the number of homeless veterans (1). Administrative support and financing for VA homelessness services might change under the incoming federal administration, while the specifics are unknown. For instance, in late 2017, VA Secretary David Shulkin launched plans to shift millions of dollars from VA homelessness programs to other VA services (2) until a surge of complaints from veteran groups prompted the secretary to withdraw these plans in December (3). In addition, under the current administration, the VA secretary has declared veteran suicide the highest clinical priority, which may move the emphasis away from veteran homelessness and toward veteran suicide. This article will be used to illustrate the substantial change in the trend of homelessness and the VA’s involvement in preventing suicide.
Van Slyke, R. D., & Armstrong, N. J. (2019). Communities serve: A systematic review of need assessments on U.S. veteran and military-connected populations. Armed Forces & Society, 46(4), 564–594. Web.
As they move out of the military, veterans and their families confront a number of obstacles. Even while more commercial and governmental groups in the United States are doing evaluations of the requirements of veterans and their families, few of these studies are exhaustive examinations of the obstacles they confront. This systematic evaluation of 61 need assessments conducted in the United States between 2007 and 2018 provides results on 18 topics affecting veterans. In comparison, the majority of research addressed access to VA health and benefit programs, mental health, employment, and homelessness, gaps developed in the literature. In particular, disparities occurred in relation to racial and sexual minorities, rural and elderly veterans, and members of the National Guard and Reserve. The majority of need evaluations were conducted by national think tanks, nonprofit groups, and public colleges in large cities and states with diverse military presence. Future evaluations should use mixed-method research and survey design to overcome continuing disparities in coverage across communities and themes of study. This research is multifaceted and may generate counterarguments that move the emphasis from homelessness to other aspects of the target population’s well-being.